1863 - World Flag Chart

Oceania
◀︎ ▶︎

Tonga

Samoa

ʻUvea

Rimatara

red-white-red, French flag outlined in white

Tahiti

Rarotonga

white-blue-white, white star, four blue stars

Mangareva

Rurutu

Huahine

Raʻiatea

Bora Bora

Tahuata

white-red-blue-white-red-blue-white-red, union jack

Hawaiʻi

white British ensign, blue cross with 5 white 8-pointed stars

Australia

white, red cross, blue canton, white-outlined red cross, four white eight-pointed stars

New Zealand ^{1¹ The former flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand, which remained in use as an unofficial symbol of the country.}

Native flag ^{2² An unofficial local flag. The British colony of Newfoundland had no distinctive local symbols. Note that "Native" here means "born in the colony" and has nothing to do with the First Nations.}

Latin America
◀︎ ▶︎

Brazil

Mexico

Peru

national ensign ^{3³ Flown by the government, the navy, the national police, and national sports teams. Raised at major ceremonies. The army uses a similar flag with a different coat of arms.}

Peru

national flag ^{4⁴ Allowed to be flown by anyone.}

Argentina

Honduras · Nicaragua · Salvador

9 white-blue stripes, white canton, yellow sun

Uruguay

Paraguay

front side

Paraguay

back side

blue-white-red-yellow-red-white-blue, coat of arms

Guatemala

Costa Rica

national flag ^{5⁵ The most common Costa Rican flag. Officially designated for private citizens, but in practice often used on government buildings and schools too.}

Costa Rica

national ensign ^{6⁶ Flown by the government and by diplomatic missions, although also used sometimes by private citizens.}

5 blue-white stripes, red triangle, white star

Cuba ^{7⁷ Flown by Cuban nationalists and revolutionaries who sought independence from Spain.}

blue-red, white square containing a coat of arms

Haiti

blue-red quarters, white cross, coat of arms

Dominican Republic

Chile

yellow-blue-red, cluster of 7 white stars, coat of arms

Venezuela

national ensign ^{8⁸ Flown by the government and armed forces, and unofficially used by many private citizens.}

yellow-blue-red, cluster of 7 white stars

Venezuela

national flag ^{9⁹ Allowed to be flown by anyone.}

Colombia

Ecuador

Bolivia

state flag ^{10¹⁰ Flown by the government and armed forces.}

Bolivia

national flag ^{11¹¹ Allowed to be flown by anyone.}

Middle East and Africa
◀︎ ▶︎

Turkey

Tunis

Egypt

red, yellow crescent, 8-pointed yellow star

Jebel Shammar

Nejd

Tripoli ^{12¹² The most commonly reported flag from the period. Flags with green, white and red stripes also seem to have been used. Probably flown exclusively on ships. The Turkish flag was the official national flag.}

Morocco ^{13¹³ Flown over the palace in Rabat and on ships. Military flags on land were often dectorated with a yellow or green octagram.}

Muscat and Oman · Zanzibar · Bahrain ^{14¹⁴ Arab monarchies, especially those in and around the Gulf, flew plain red flags from their ships. These weren't quite "national flags" in the modern sense, but European powers tended to view them that way.}

Ras al-Khaimah · Sharjah ^{15¹⁵ Officially all of the Trucial States were supposed to fly a square red flag with a thick white border. In practice this flag became exclusively associated with the Al Qasimi dynasty. The other states mostly flew plain red flags.}

Madagascar

Persia

Mount Lebanon

Futa Jallon

Sokoto Caliphate

green flag of Islam ^{16¹⁶ Flown by exclusively by the sultan as a symbol of religious authority. Not really a "national flag" as we'd understand it in modern terms. The sultan also gave white flags to his vassal emirs within the Caliphate.}

Orange Free State

South African Republic (Transvaal)

11 red-white stripes, blue canton, white star

Liberia

Western Europe
◀︎ ▶︎

France

Italy

national flag ^{17¹⁷ Flown by private citizens and merchant ships. The "Italian Social Republic", the Nazi puppet regime in the north, flew the plain tricolour as a national flag and had a war flag with an eagle gripping a fasces. The anti-fascist Italian partisans flew either plain tricolours or tricolours with a white or red star on the middle stripe.}

Italy

state flag ^{18¹⁸ Flown by the government and navy.}

Belgium

Netherlands

Luxembourg

Spain

Switzerland

army flag ^{19¹⁹ Flag of the federal army, treated as an unofficial national flag.}

Denmark

national flag ^{20²⁰ Allowed to be flown by anyone.}

red, white nordic cross, swallowtail cut

Denmark

sovereign flag ^{21²¹ Flown by the royal house, the government, and the armed forces. Also granted to a select list of private institutions and companies.}

Norway

merchant flag ^{22²² Allowed to be flown by anyone. The union mark in the top-left corner of the flag was flown on its own as a joint diplomatic flag for Sweden and Norway.}

Norway

state flag ^{23²³ Flown only on state-owned buildings and naval ships.}

Sweden

merchant flag ^{24²⁴ Allowed to be flown by anyone. The union mark in the top-left corner of the flag was flown on its own as a joint diplomatic flag for Sweden and Norway.}

Sweden

war flag ^{25²⁵ Flown on government buildings and by the military.}

Greece

land flag ^{26²⁶ Flown on land within Greece. The military flag had a crown in the centre of the cross.}

9 blue-white stripes, blue canton containing a white cross

Greece

sea flag ^{27²⁷ Flown at sea and abroad. The naval ensign had a crown in the centre of the cross.}

Samos

blue, red-white pinwheel saltire outlined in white, red cross outlined in white

United Kingdom

England

Scotland

Jersey

San Marino

Papal States

Portugal

Malta

traditional flag ^{28²⁸ Flown unofficially, mostly by civilian ships.}

Andorra

Monaco

Catalonia

Cornwall

Corsica

Wales

Ireland

Flanders

blue British ensign, red border, yellow winged lion

Ionian Islands

German States
◀︎ ▶︎

German Confederation

Prussia

royal flag ^{29²⁹ Flown by the monarchy and government.}

white, black eagle and thin black on the top and bottom

Prussia

merchant flag ^{30³⁰ Flown by merchant ships.}

Prussia

state colours ^{31³¹ The traditional heraldic colours of Prussia, often used as a flag on land.}

Austria

Imperial colours ^{32³² The dynastic colours of the Hapsburg monarchy, often used as a flag on land.}

Austria

naval flag ^{33³³ Flown by merchant and navy ships.}

Hesse-Darmstadt

Hesse-Kassel

state colours ^{34³⁴ Designated as the official colours of Hesse. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Hesse-Homburg

state colours ^{35³⁵ Designated as the official colours of Hesse. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Lübeck

state flag ^{36³⁶ Flown by the government.}

Lübeck

merchant flag ^{37³⁷ Flown by merchant ships.}

Hamburg

red-white-red-white, white canton, coat of arms

Frankfurt

8 red-white stripes, a counterchanged column towards the left

Bremen ^{38³⁸ The number of stripes could vary but eight was the most common.}

Lippe

princely flag ^{39³⁹ Flown by the prince and used as a state flag.}

Lippe

state colours ^{40⁴⁰ Designated as the official colours of Lippe. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Baden ^{41⁴¹ Designed to be used as a diplomatic flag. Within the grand duchy, flags were made various configurations of red and yellow stripes.}

Liechtenstein

princely flag ^{42⁴² Flown by the prince, and unofficially as a national flag.}

Lauenburg

state colours ^{43⁴³ Based on the heraldic colours of Saxony. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. The Danish flag also saw widespread use.}

Württemberg

state colours ^{44⁴⁴ Designated as the official colours of Württemberg. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. Black and yellow flags were also in use around this time.}

Waldeck-Pyrmont

Reuss Elder Line

state colours ^{45⁴⁵ Designated as the official colours of Reuss. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Reuss Junior Line

state colours ^{46⁴⁶ Designated as the official colours of Reuss. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

Saxon Duchies

state colours ^{47⁴⁷ Designated as the official colours of the Ernestine duchies in Thuringia: Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Meiningen, and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Saxony

Anhalt ^{48⁴⁸ The green and white state colours were still unofficially used on some flags.}

Schaumburg-Lippe

Oldenburg

Bavaria

state colours ^{49⁴⁹ Designated as the official colours of Bavaria. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. There are many reported variants from the period, some with more stripes, others with the diamond pattern from the Bavarian arms.}

Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

state colours ^{50⁵⁰ Designated as the official colours of Schwarzburg. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Schwarzburg-Sondershausen

state colours ^{51⁵¹ Designated as the official colours of Schwarzburg. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Brunswick

state colours ^{52⁵² Designated as the official colours of Brunswick. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Mecklenburg-Schwerin

state colours ^{53⁵³ Designated as the official colours of Mecklenburg-Schewerin. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Nassau

red British ensign, white horse in a red rectangle over the jack

Hanover

merchant flag ^{54⁵⁴ Flown by merchant ships.}

Hanover

state colours ^{55⁵⁵ Designated as the official colours of Hanover. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one.}

Heligoland

Eastern Europe
◀︎ ▶︎

Russia

Imperial standard ^{56⁵⁶ The flag of the Emperor, often regarded as the Russian national flag during the period.}

Russia

armorial flag ^{57⁵⁷ Flown on government buildings, especially military buildings, and as patriotic decoration.}

Russia

trade flag ^{58⁵⁸ Flown by merchant ships.}

Carniola

national colours ^{59⁵⁹ Designated as the official colours of the Austrian crown land of Carniola. Regarded as the unofficial national flag of Slovenia.}

Slovakia ^{60⁶⁰ Flown by advocates of Slovakian independence. The "Upper Hungary" region did not have an official flag.}

Croatia and Slavonia

Serbia

national flag ^{61⁶¹ Allowed to be flown by anyone.}

red-blue-white, coat of arms and four white six-pointed stars

Serbia

state flag ^{62⁶² Flown the government and armed forces.}

Hungary ^{63⁶³ Prohibited within the Austrian Empire but still flown by Hungarian nationalists.}

Romania

Ukraine ^{64⁶⁴ Flown by Ukrainian nationalists. The order of colours wasn't fixed.}

Bohemia

state colours ^{65⁶⁵ Designated as the official colours of the Austrian crown land of Bohemia. Not an official flag, but informally regarded as a Czech national symbol. A white flag with the Bohemian coat of arms was also sometimes used.}

red, white two-headed eagle, yellow lion

Montenegro

batallion flag ^{66⁶⁶ Flown by the prince and the military.}

Poland

banner ^{67⁶⁷ The former royal banner of Poland, no longer official but still used as an informal national symbol.}

Bulgaria ^{68⁶⁸ A typical flag flown by Bulgarian nationalists and revolutionaries in the pre-independence period. The flag would sometimes have different inscriptions or colours, but a golden lion on green was a common element. The slogan here reads "Freedom or Death!"}

green, three crossed black arrows, 7 yellow stars

Circassia

South Asia and the Indian Ocean
◀︎ ▶︎

orange, two sets of green-white-green-green-white stripes, coat of arms, Urdu inscriptions

Hyderabad

Jammu and Kashmir ^{69⁶⁹ The maharaja's flag had yellow stripes at the top and bottom.}

red double-tailed pennant outlined in green, white moon, white sun

Nepal

red swallowtail with white feet in the top left

Jhabua ^{70⁷⁰ The raja's flag was rectangular}

Dewas

Kota

princely flag ^{71⁷¹ Flown by the Maharao and also used as a state flag. The flag was sometimes much longer.}

Maldive Islands

Kishangarh

Sailana

two purple triangular pennants, white Hanuman, yellow sun

Ajaigarh ^{72⁷² The reverse side of the flag showed a moon and a flower.}

purple triangular pennant, yellow sun moon and building

Mewar ^{73⁷³ Mewar had a number of reported princely banners which were also sometimes used as state flags. The most common one had a large yellow sun and a blue katar dagger.}

orange triangular pennant, thick purple border

Porbandar

Kolhapur ^{74⁷⁴ Kolhapur flew the Maratha saffron banner as a state flag. The maharaja had a diagonally-divided red and orange flag.}

orange-yellow striped swallowtail pennant

Dhar

red-white-yellow-green-blue striped triangular pennant

Jaipur

Alwar

Idar

Sirohi

Jodhpur

orange, yellow sun between two white snakes

Gwalior

princely flag ^{75⁷⁵ Flag of the maharaja, also used as a state flag. Plain saffron flags were also sometimes flown.}

Jaisalmer

Bikaner

Banswara

Dholpur

Rajpipla

princely flag ^{76⁷⁶ Flown by the maharaja and often used as a state flag.}

Rajpipla

national flag ^{77⁷⁷ Allowed to be flown by civilians.}

Indore ^{78⁷⁸ Inland river boats flew a triangular pennant in the same colours.}

green-red striped pennant, white crescent and star, white swords

Kalat

Travancore

Manipur

red, white image of Hanuman between two gold weapons

Rajgarh

Sitamau ^{79⁷⁹ The Raja's flag had a red sun}

Bundi

Alirajpur

Khairpur

East and Southeast Asia
◀︎ ▶︎

Japan

yellow pennant, blue dragon chasing a red orb

China ^{80⁸⁰ Flown by naval ships.}

Cambodia

Siam

Luang Prabang

Champassak

Burma

Kelantan · Perak · Terengganu ^{81⁸¹ Malay monarchs often flew plain white flags. These standards eventually evolved into individual state flags as more colours and symbols were added.}

Jambi

sultan's flag ^{82⁸² Flown by the sultan and by naval ships.}

Jambi

nobles' flag ^{83⁸³ Flown by nobles at sea.}

Jambi

merchant flag ^{84⁸⁴ Flown by commoner merchants at sea.}

Johor

Pahang

sultan's flag ^{85⁸⁵ Flown by the sultan.}

Brunei

sultan's flag ^{86⁸⁶ Flown by the sultan and also used as an unofficial state flag.}

yellow, vertically divided blue-red cross, yellow crown

Sarawak

yellow-red quarters, yellow crescent and star

Selangor

Kedah

Aceh

national flag ^{87⁸⁷ Flown by the government, particularly at sea, as a way of nominally invoking the protection of the Ottoman Empire.}

Aceh

sultan's flag ^{88⁸⁸ Flown by the sultan and by warships. There are many other reported flags from the era, and it's not clear exactly how they were all used. Merchant ships often flew a plain red flag.}

Asahan

purple, ornate white gate, two thin blue-white stripes

Sulu ^{89⁸⁹ Reported flag from this era. It's exact use isn't known.}

Events of 1863
◀︎ ▶︎

ANHALT • The duchies of Anhalt were united into a single state on August 30. The unified Duchy flew a tricolour flag.

CAMBODIA • Cambodia became a French protectorate on August 11. During the protectorate period, Cambodia flew a flag with a white temple.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC • The Dominican Republic declared independence from Spain again on September 14. Spain would formally revoke its annexation two years later.

MECKLENBURG • Mecklenburg-Schwerin adopted a flag on December 23.

PRUSSIA • Prussia adopted a squared-off civil flag around 1863.

UNITED STATES • West Virginia, having broken away from the Confederate-aligned government of Virginia, was admitted to the union on June 20. A 35th star was added to the flag on July 4.

Meanwhile, the slave-holding Confederacy also adopted a new national flag (not pictured above) on May 26. The rebellion's white supremacist ideology was baked into the design. Its creator, journalist William Tappan Thompson, called it "The White Man's Flag" and wrote in his paper: "As a people, we are fighting to maintain the heaven ordained supremacy of the white man over the inferior or colored race: a white flag would thus be emblematical of our cause." Opponents of the new flag noted that it looked too much like a flag of surrender.

VENEZUELA • Federal War came to an end on April 24. On 29 July, the new Federalist government added seven white stars to the state flag.

Notes

¹ The former flag of the United Tribes of New Zealand, which remained in use as an unofficial symbol of the country. ↩

² An unofficial local flag. The British colony of Newfoundland had no distinctive local symbols. Note that "Native" here means "born in the colony" and has nothing to do with the First Nations. ↩

³ Flown by the government, the navy, the national police, and national sports teams. Raised at major ceremonies. The army uses a similar flag with a different coat of arms. ↩

⁴ Allowed to be flown by anyone. ↩

⁵ The most common Costa Rican flag. Officially designated for private citizens, but in practice often used on government buildings and schools too. ↩

⁶ Flown by the government and by diplomatic missions, although also used sometimes by private citizens. ↩

⁷ Flown by Cuban nationalists and revolutionaries who sought independence from Spain. ↩

⁸ Flown by the government and armed forces, and unofficially used by many private citizens. ↩

⁹ Allowed to be flown by anyone. ↩

¹⁰ Flown by the government and armed forces. ↩

¹¹ Allowed to be flown by anyone. ↩

¹² The most commonly reported flag from the period. Flags with green, white and red stripes also seem to have been used. Probably flown exclusively on ships. The Turkish flag was the official national flag. ↩

¹³ Flown over the palace in Rabat and on ships. Military flags on land were often dectorated with a yellow or green octagram. ↩

¹⁴ Arab monarchies, especially those in and around the Gulf, flew plain red flags from their ships. These weren't quite "national flags" in the modern sense, but European powers tended to view them that way. ↩

¹⁵ Officially all of the Trucial States were supposed to fly a square red flag with a thick white border. In practice this flag became exclusively associated with the Al Qasimi dynasty. The other states mostly flew plain red flags. ↩

¹⁶ Flown by exclusively by the sultan as a symbol of religious authority. Not really a "national flag" as we'd understand it in modern terms. The sultan also gave white flags to his vassal emirs within the Caliphate. ↩

¹⁷ Flown by private citizens and merchant ships. The "Italian Social Republic", the Nazi puppet regime in the north, flew the plain tricolour as a national flag and had a war flag with an eagle gripping a fasces. The anti-fascist Italian partisans flew either plain tricolours or tricolours with a white or red star on the middle stripe. ↩

¹⁸ Flown by the government and navy. ↩

¹⁹ Flag of the federal army, treated as an unofficial national flag. ↩

²⁰ Allowed to be flown by anyone. ↩

²¹ Flown by the royal house, the government, and the armed forces. Also granted to a select list of private institutions and companies. ↩

²² Allowed to be flown by anyone. The union mark in the top-left corner of the flag was flown on its own as a joint diplomatic flag for Sweden and Norway. ↩

²³ Flown only on state-owned buildings and naval ships. ↩

²⁴ Allowed to be flown by anyone. The union mark in the top-left corner of the flag was flown on its own as a joint diplomatic flag for Sweden and Norway. ↩

²⁵ Flown on government buildings and by the military. ↩

²⁶ Flown on land within Greece. The military flag had a crown in the centre of the cross. ↩

²⁷ Flown at sea and abroad. The naval ensign had a crown in the centre of the cross. ↩

²⁸ Flown unofficially, mostly by civilian ships. ↩

²⁹ Flown by the monarchy and government. ↩

³⁰ Flown by merchant ships. ↩

³¹ The traditional heraldic colours of Prussia, often used as a flag on land. ↩

³² The dynastic colours of the Hapsburg monarchy, often used as a flag on land. ↩

³³ Flown by merchant and navy ships. ↩

³⁴ Designated as the official colours of Hesse. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

³⁵ Designated as the official colours of Hesse. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

³⁶ Flown by the government. ↩

³⁷ Flown by merchant ships. ↩

³⁸ The number of stripes could vary but eight was the most common. ↩

³⁹ Flown by the prince and used as a state flag. ↩

⁴⁰ Designated as the official colours of Lippe. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁴¹ Designed to be used as a diplomatic flag. Within the grand duchy, flags were made various configurations of red and yellow stripes. ↩

⁴² Flown by the prince, and unofficially as a national flag. ↩

⁴³ Based on the heraldic colours of Saxony. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. The Danish flag also saw widespread use. ↩

⁴⁴ Designated as the official colours of Württemberg. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. Black and yellow flags were also in use around this time. ↩

⁴⁵ Designated as the official colours of Reuss. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁴⁶ Designated as the official colours of Reuss. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁴⁷ Designated as the official colours of the Ernestine duchies in Thuringia: Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Meiningen, and Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁴⁸ The green and white state colours were still unofficially used on some flags. ↩

⁴⁹ Designated as the official colours of Bavaria. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. There are many reported variants from the period, some with more stripes, others with the diamond pattern from the Bavarian arms. ↩

⁵⁰ Designated as the official colours of Schwarzburg. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁵¹ Designated as the official colours of Schwarzburg. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁵² Designated as the official colours of Brunswick. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁵³ Designated as the official colours of Mecklenburg-Schewerin. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁵⁴ Flown by merchant ships. ↩

⁵⁵ Designated as the official colours of Hanover. Not technically a national flag, but often used as one. ↩

⁵⁶ The flag of the Emperor, often regarded as the Russian national flag during the period. ↩

⁵⁷ Flown on government buildings, especially military buildings, and as patriotic decoration. ↩

⁵⁸ Flown by merchant ships. ↩

⁵⁹ Designated as the official colours of the Austrian crown land of Carniola. Regarded as the unofficial national flag of Slovenia. ↩

⁶⁰ Flown by advocates of Slovakian independence. The "Upper Hungary" region did not have an official flag. ↩

⁶¹ Allowed to be flown by anyone. ↩

⁶² Flown the government and armed forces. ↩

⁶³ Prohibited within the Austrian Empire but still flown by Hungarian nationalists. ↩

⁶⁴ Flown by Ukrainian nationalists. The order of colours wasn't fixed. ↩

⁶⁵ Designated as the official colours of the Austrian crown land of Bohemia. Not an official flag, but informally regarded as a Czech national symbol. A white flag with the Bohemian coat of arms was also sometimes used. ↩

⁶⁶ Flown by the prince and the military. ↩

⁶⁷ The former royal banner of Poland, no longer official but still used as an informal national symbol. ↩

⁶⁸ A typical flag flown by Bulgarian nationalists and revolutionaries in the pre-independence period. The flag would sometimes have different inscriptions or colours, but a golden lion on green was a common element. The slogan here reads "Freedom or Death!" ↩

⁶⁹ The maharaja's flag had yellow stripes at the top and bottom. ↩

⁷⁰ The raja's flag was rectangular ↩

⁷¹ Flown by the Maharao and also used as a state flag. The flag was sometimes much longer. ↩

⁷² The reverse side of the flag showed a moon and a flower. ↩

⁷³ Mewar had a number of reported princely banners which were also sometimes used as state flags. The most common one had a large yellow sun and a blue katar dagger. ↩

⁷⁴ Kolhapur flew the Maratha saffron banner as a state flag. The maharaja had a diagonally-divided red and orange flag. ↩

⁷⁵ Flag of the maharaja, also used as a state flag. Plain saffron flags were also sometimes flown. ↩

⁷⁶ Flown by the maharaja and often used as a state flag. ↩

⁷⁷ Allowed to be flown by civilians. ↩

⁷⁸ Inland river boats flew a triangular pennant in the same colours. ↩

⁷⁹ The Raja's flag had a red sun ↩

⁸⁰ Flown by naval ships. ↩

⁸¹ Malay monarchs often flew plain white flags. These standards eventually evolved into individual state flags as more colours and symbols were added. ↩

⁸² Flown by the sultan and by naval ships. ↩

⁸³ Flown by nobles at sea. ↩

⁸⁴ Flown by commoner merchants at sea. ↩

⁸⁵ Flown by the sultan. ↩

⁸⁶ Flown by the sultan and also used as an unofficial state flag. ↩

⁸⁷ Flown by the government, particularly at sea, as a way of nominally invoking the protection of the Ottoman Empire. ↩

⁸⁸ Flown by the sultan and by warships. There are many other reported flags from the era, and it's not clear exactly how they were all used. Merchant ships often flew a plain red flag. ↩

⁸⁹ Reported flag from this era. It's exact use isn't known. ↩

The World Flag Chart

◀︎ Flags of 1863 ▶︎

Oceania
◀︎ ▶︎

North America
◀︎ ▶︎

Latin America
◀︎ ▶︎

Middle East and Africa
◀︎ ▶︎

Western Europe
◀︎ ▶︎

German States
◀︎ ▶︎

Eastern Europe
◀︎ ▶︎

South Asia and the Indian Ocean
◀︎ ▶︎

East and Southeast Asia
◀︎ ▶︎

Events of 1863
◀︎ ▶︎

Notes

Events of 1863◀︎ ▶︎

Notes

Events of 1863
◀︎ ▶︎