The World Flag Chart

◀︎ Flags of 1991 ▶︎

Sub-Saharan Africa


green-yellow-red
Ethiopia 11 The plain tricolour has no legal status but is still flown unofficially.
red-yellow-green, black star
Ghana
red-yellow-green, black
Rwanda
red-yellow-green
Guinea
green-yellow-red
Mali
green-yellow-red, green star
Senegal
green-red-yellow, yellow star
Cameroon
blue-yellow-red
Chad
green-white-green
Nigeria
orange-white-green
Côte d'Ivoire
orange-white-green, orange disc
Niger
blue-white-green
Sierra Leone
green-yellow-blue
Gabon
diagonal green-yellow-red, thin middle stripe
Congo
yellow-red, thick green stripe
Benin
yellow-green, thick red stripe, black star
Guinea-Bissau
yellow-green, thick red stripe, black star and wreath
Cape Verde
red-green, thick white stripe
Madagascar
red-green, yellow star
Burkina Faso
red-black, yellow cog and machete
Angola
black-red-green, red sunrise
Malawi
black-red-green, white outlines, shield and spears emblem
Kenya
black-green-yellow
African National Congress
green-black-yellow, white outlines, red triangle, hoe and machete emblem
Mozambique
diagonal green-black-blue, yellow outlines
Tanzania
diagonal blue-red-green, white outlines, yellow sun
Namibia
red-blue-green with thin white outlines
The Gambia
blue, thin black stripe, white outlines
Botswana
green, orange eagle, three short red-black-orange stripes
Zambia
green, yellow disc, hand holding a torch
Zaire
green-yellow-green, two black stars, red triangle
São Tomé and Príncipe
green-yellow-red-black-red-yellow-green, white triangle, black outline, red star, yellow bird
Zimbabwe
6 red-yellow-black stripes, white circle, crane
Uganda
5 green-yellow stripes, red canton, white star
Togo
11 red-white stripes, blue canton, white star
Liberia
green-red triangles, white saltire, white circle, 3 red 6-pointed stars outlined in green
Burundi
green-white-red, blue triangle, coat of arms
Equatorial Guinea
diagonal white-blue-green, brown shield
Lesotho
blue-red-blue, yellow outlines, shield and spear
Swaziland
blue-white-green-yellow, thin red stripe, yellow star
Central African Republic
orange-white-blue, a cross made up of the Union Jack, Orange Free State, and Transvaal flags
South Africa
blue, white star
Somalia
blue-green, white triangle, red star
Djibouti
blue-green, red triangle, yellow star
Eritrea
EPLF flag 22 Flag of the Eritrean Liberation Front, which sought independence from Ethiopia. Direct predecessor of the modern flag. The provincial government did not have an official flag.
black-red-white, white outline, blue triangle, red star
Southern Sudan
SPLM flag 33 Flag of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement, which sought independence for the southern part of Sudan. Direct predecessor of the modern flag. The region did not have an official flag within Sudan.
white, green circle surrounded by black Arabic inscription
Somaliland
red-green-red, yellow sunburst, green tree, red star
Oromia
OLF flag 44 Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front, a nationalist liberation movement within Ethiopia. Oromia did not have an official flag within Ethiopia at this time.
red, yellow triangle, yellow star
Tigray
TPLF flag 55 Flag of the Tigray People's Liberation Front, a nationalist liberation movement within Ethiopia. Direct predecessor of the modern regional flag. Tigray did not have an official flag within Ethiopia at this time.

Middle East and North Africa


red, white crescent and star
Turkey
red, white disc, red crescent and star
Tunisia
red, green pentagram
Morocco
green-white, red star and crescent
Algeria
green, yellow crescent and star
Mauritania
plain green
Libya
black-white-green, red triangle
Palestine
black-white-green, red triangle, white 7-pointed star
Jordan
black-white-green, red triangle, red crescent and star
Western Sahara
Polisario flag 66 Flown by the Polisario Front and the unrecognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, which claims to be the rightful government of the disputed Western Sahara. Most of the territory is occupied by Morocco.
green-white-black, thick red stripe
United Arab Emirates
green-white-red, black trapezoid
Kuwait
red-white-black, yellow eagle
Egypt
red-white-black
Yemen
red-white-green, green triangle
Sudan
red-white-black, green Arabic inscription punctuated by three green stars
Iraq
red-white-black, two green stars
Syria
white, two thin blue stripes, blue star of David
Israel
white, orange map of cyprus, green wreath
Cyprus
white, two red stripes, red crescent and star
Northern Cyprus
red-white-red, green cedar tree
Lebanon
green-white-red fimbriated with white caligraphy, red tulip emblem
Iran
white-red-green, thick red stripe, white emblem
Oman
red, thick white serrated stripe
Bahrain
maroon, serrated white stripe
Qatar
green, white shahadah, white sword
Saudi Arabia
red-white-green, yellow sun
Kurdistan
green-red-yellow-blue-white
Druze
white, wavy red-white-blue saltire, azure-orange 4-pointed star, gold image of Assur
Assyrians

Western Europe


blue-white-red
France
green-white-red
Italy
green-white-orange
Ireland
blue-yellow-red, coat of arms
Andorra
black-yellow-red
Belgium
black-red-yellow
Germany
red-white-blue
Netherlands
red-white-azure
Luxembourg
red-white-red
Austria
national flag 77 Flown by private citizens and municipalities.
red-white-red, black eagle
Austria
federal service flag 88 Flown by the federal government and the armed forces.
red-yellow-red, coat of arms
Spain
red, white square cross
Switzerland
red, white nordic cross
Denmark
national flag 99 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
red, white nordic cross, swallowtail cut
Denmark
sovereign flag 1010 Flown by the royal house, the government, and the armed forces. Also granted to a select list of private institutions and companies.
red, white-blue nordic cross
Norway
merchant flag 1111 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
red, white-blue nordic cross, swallowtail cut
Norway
state flag 1212 Flown only on state-owned buildings and naval ships.
blue, white-red nordic cross
Iceland
national flag 1313 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
blue, white-red nordic cross, swallowtail cut
Iceland
state flag 1414 Flown on government buildings and coast guard ships.
blue, yellow-red nordic cross
Åland
blue, yellow nordic cross
Sweden 1515 Flown for all purposes. A three-tailed version of the national flag is flown by the military.
white, blue nordic cross
Finland
national flag 1616 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
white, blue nordic cross, red square coat of arms outlined in yellow
Finland
state flag 1717 Flown by the government, border guard, and public universities. The armed forces fly a version with a swallowtail cut.
white, blue-red nordic cross
Faroe Islands
9 blue-white stripes, blue canton containing a white cross
Greece
blue, red-white pinwheel saltire outlined in white, red cross outlined in white
United Kingdom
white, red cross
England
white, red cross, smaller yellow norman cross
Guernsey
white, red cross, white 6-pointed star, red hand, crown
Northern Ireland
Ulster banner 1818 Northen Ireland has not had an official flag since 1973, but the Ulster Banner is still flown by some sporting teams and private citizens. More or less exclusively a unionist symbol. Nationalists tend to fly the Irish tricolour instead.
blue, white saltire
Scotland
white-green, red dragon
Wales
white-blue, coat of arms
San Marino
blue-red, yellow crown
Liechtenstein
red-white
Monaco
national flag 1919 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
white, coat of arms
Monaco
princely flag 2020 Flown over the Prince's Palace and government buildings.
white, red castle, red stripe, yellow key
Gibraltar
yellow-white, crossed keys emblem
Vatican City
white-red, silver George Cross
Malta
red, thick green stripe, yellow armillary sphere, coat of arms
Portugal
blue-white, yellow goshawk, arc of 9 yellow stars, coat of arms
Azores
blue-yellow-blue, red cross, smaller white cross
Madeira
white-blue-yellow, coat of arms
Canary Islands
white, blue diagonal stripe, coat of arms
Galicia
white, red saltire, coat of arms
Jersey
9 red-yellow stripes
Catalonia
senyera 2121 The traditional Catalan flag, and the official flag of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia.
9 red-yellow stripes, blue triangle, white star
Catalonia
estelada 2222 The flag preferred by supporters of Catalan independence.
9 black-white stripes, white canton, 11 ermine spots
Brittany
black, white cross
Cornwall
white, black moors head emblem
Corsica
yellow, black lion
Flanders
yellow, red rooster
Wallonia
red, white triskellion
Isle of Man
red, green saltire, white cross
Basque Country
blue, thick red stripe outlined in green and yellow, blue and red ring
Sápmi

Eastern Europe


white-blue-red
Russia
white-blue-red, coat of arms
Slovenia
red-white-blue, coat of arms
Croatia
blue-white-red, red star outlined in yellow
Yugoslavia
batallion flag 2323 Flown by the prince and the military.
white-red, blue triangle
Czechoslovakia
white-red
Poland
state flag 2424 Flown over the Presidential Palace, parliament, provincial legislatures, and other government buildings. Technically only allowed for private use on national holidays, but in practice flown throughout the year by anyone.
white-red, coat of arms
Poland
coat of arms flag 2525 Only supposed to be flown by embassies, airports, and merchant ships. In practice, flown by private citizens as well.
white-red-white
Belarus
red-white-green
Hungary
white-green-red
Bulgaria
blue-black-white
Estonia
red-blue-orange
Armenia
yellow-green-red
Lithuania
blue-red-green, white crescent and 8-pointed star
Azerbaijan
maroon-white-maroon
Latvia
maroon, black-white canton
Georgia
red, black two-headed eagle, yellow hollow star
Albania
red, hollow yellow star
Macedonia
blue-yellow-red
Romania
blue-yellow-red, coat of arms
Moldova 2626 The back side of the flag was just a plain tricolour.
blue-yellow
Ukraine
green with three white-red-white stripes
Chechnya
green-red, thin white outline
Tatarstan
white-red-yellow
Ossetia 2727 Flown by the breakaway Georgian region of South Ossetia and the Russian republic of North Ossetia.
blue, white disc, red wolf head, yellow ornamental pattern
Gagauzia
blue, yellow tamgha
Crimean Tatar

Central Asia


black-red-green, sunrise emblem
Afghanistan
black-white-green, yellow mosque
Afghanistan
mujahideen flag 2828 Flag of the Afghan Interim Government in Pakistan, flown by mujahideen fighters within the country.
red, yellow hammer and sickle, blue stripe
Kazakhstan 2929 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
red, yellow hammer and sickle, two blue stripes
Turkmenistan 3030 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
red, yellow hammer and sickle, blue-white-blue stripes
Kyrgyzstan 3131 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
red, yellow hammer and sickle, white-green stripes
Tajikistan 3232 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
blue-white-green, red outline, white crescent and 12 white stars
Uzbekistan
blue, white crescent and star
East Turkestan 3333 The national flag of the Uyghur people, banned within the People's Republic of China. Xinjiang Province does not have an official flag.
white triangle, 12-red-blue wedges, yellow sun, two snow lions, yellow border
Tibet 3434 Banned within the People's Republic of China. The Tibet Autonomous Region does not have a flag.
red-blue-red, yellow soyombo, yellow star
Mongolia

South Asia and the Indian Ocean


orange-white-green, blue wheel
India
green, thick white stripe, white crescent and star
Pakistan
green, red circle
Bangladesh
red double-tailed pennant outlined in blue, white moon, white sun
Nepal
diagonal yellow-red, white dragon
Bhutan
yellow, orange and green vertical bars, maroon rectangle, yellow lion, yellow leaves
Sri Lanka
green, thick red outline, white crescent
Maldives
green, white crescent, four white stars
Comoros
red, wavy white green stripes
Seychelles
red-blue-yellow-green
Mauritius
white, coat of arms under the word
Mayotte 3535 Flown by the departmental council and used as a local flag.
orange-black-blue
Chagos Islands 3636 Flown by the Chagossians, who were forcibly removed from the islands by the British to make way for a military base. The islands are officially administered as the British Indian Ocean Territory, which has a colonial ensign with a wavy white and blue stripes and a palm tree badge.
red, white plough, three white bars
Jammu and Kashmir 3737 Flown in the Indian-controlled parts of the disputed region of Kashmir.
green, four white stripes, orange canton, white crescent and star
Azad Kashmir 3838 Flown in the Pakistan-controlled parts of the disputed region of Kashmir.
green-red, blue triangle, white star
Balochistan 3939 Flown by Baloch nationalists seeking independence from Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. The star is sometimes flipped upside down or replaced by a white sun. The provincial government of Balochistan in Pakistan flies a green flag with a white camel emblem.
blue, white 6-pointed star, red-yellow-green striped-arc
Nagaland 4040 Flown by nationalists and separatists. The Indian state of Nagaland does not have an official flag.
yellow-red
Kannada 4141 The popular but unofficial flag of the Kannada people. The Indian state of Karnataka does not have an official flag.

East and Southeast Asia


white, red circle
Japan
white, red-blue taeguk surrounded by four black trigrams
South Korea
blue-red-blue, white outlines, white disc, red star
North Korea
red, yellow star
Vietnam
red, five yellow stars
China
red, blue canton, white sun
Taiwan 4242 The flag of the Republic of China, which is the government of Taiwan. Banned on the mainland, as the People's Republic of China claims sovereignty over the island. At major international sporting events like the Olympics, Taiwan competes under the name "Chinese Taipei" and flies a neutral flag.
red, blue canton, white gear and wheat emblem, 14 white stars
Myanmar
red-white-blue-white-red
Thailand
red-blue-red, white circle
Laos
red-blue, yellow Angkor Wat
Cambodia 4343 Flown by the State of Cambodia, the partially-recognized state in control of Phnom Penh.
blue-red-blue, white Angkor Wat
Cambodia
NGC flag 4444 Flown by the National Government of Cambodia, the government-in-exile which retained control of Cambodia's UN seat.
blue-red, white triangle, yellow sun, three yellow stars
Philippines
14 red-white stripes, blue canton, yellow crescent and 14-point star
Malaysia
red-white
Indonesia
red-white, white crescent, 5 white stars
Singapore
yellow, diagonal white-black stripes, red emblem
Brunei
yellow, diagonal black-red stripes, yellow 9-point star
Sarawak
red, yellow triangle, smaller black triangle, white star
East Timor 4545 Flown by nationalists seeking the indpenedence of Timor-Leste. Under Indonesian occupation, flying the flag was illegal. The rarely-used official flag of "Timor Timur" was orange with the provincial seal in the middle.
yellow-green-red, white circle
Shan
green, gold Arakanese coin
Rohingya
red-white-blue, thick blue stripe, red sunburst and yellow drum
Karen 4646 Flown by Karen nationalists seeking independence and separation from Myanmar. Kayin State has its own flag, a blue-white-red tricolour with a white star in the top left.
azure-white-blue, azure canton, blue mountain
Sabah
azure, abstract red arrow piercing a white cloud
Ainu

Oceania


diagonal black-red, white southern cross, yellow bird of paradise
Papua New Guinea
black-red, yellow circle
Aboriginal Australians
black-white-red, interrupted by a curving spiral pattern
Māori
thin yellow sideways Y outlined in black, surrounded by red, green and black, yellow boar tusk
Vanuatu
blue-red-green, black rooftop spire emblem, yellow disc
Kanaky-New Caledonia
FLNKS flag 4747 Flag of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front, which sought the independence from France.
diagonal blue-green bicolour, yellow outline, 5 white stars
Solomon Islands
blue British ensign, white 7-pointed star and southern cross
Australia
blue British ensign, red southern cross outlined in white
Aotearoa New Zealand
blue British ensign, ring of 15 white stars
Cook Islands
light blue British ensign, coat of arms
Fiji
light blue British ensign, 9 yellow stars in the shape of Tuvalu
Tuvalu
yellow British ensign, five yellow stars on the Union Jack
Niue
blue, orange-white diagonal rays, white 24-point star
Marshall Islands
blue, thin yellow stripe, white 12-pointed star
Nauru
blue, diamond of four white stars
Micronesia
blue, yellow circle
Palau
red, yellow sun rising from 6 white-blue wavy stripes, yellow frigatebird
Kiribati
white-red-blue-white-red-blue-white-red, union jack
Hawaiʻi
red, blue canton, white southern cross
Western Samoa
red, white canton, red cross
Tonga
red, white maltese cross, French flag outlined in white
Wallis and Futuna
red-white-red, outrigger emblem
Maohi Nui
white, red reimiro necklace
Rapa Nui
blue, stone pillar, wreath of flowers, white star
Northern Mariana Islands
blue outlined in red, emblem
Guam
blue, white triangle outlined in red, American eagle holding a gold fly-whisk and club
American Samoa
green-white-green, green Norfolk pine
Norfolk Island
diagonal blue-green, white southern cross, a yellow bird, green map on a yellow disc
Christmas Island
blue, red headdress, black circle surrounded by green and white triangles
Bougainville

North America


red-white-red, red maple leaf
Canada
white-red, counterchanged circle
Greenland
13 red-white stripes, blue canton, fifty white stars
United States
red British ensign, coat of arms
Bermuda
blue, yellow sailing ship, Basque flag, Breton banner of arms, Norman banner of arms
Saint Pierre and Miquelon 4848 A popular but unofficial local flag.
blue, white cross, four white fleurs-de-lis
Québec
white, four blue triangles, two hollow red triangles, yellow-outlined-red shaft
Newfoundland
white, red stripe, bear, the words CALIFORNIA REPUBLIC, red star
California
blue, yellow big dipper and polaris
Alaska
white-red, thick blue stripe, white star
Texas
blue-white-red, yellow star
Acadia
white, red offset cross, red star, red crescent
Mi’kmaq
blue, white infinity symbol
Métis
blue, white morning star glyph
Northern Cheyenne
purple, hiawathas belt pattern in white
Haudenosaunee
purple, seal
Choctaw
orange, black-green fringe, seal, seven 7-pointed yellow stars, black 7-pointed star
Cherokee
red, thin blue outline, 9 white tipis
Oglala Lakota
red, white raven and eagle
Haida
red-white-black-white-black-white-red, white triangle outlined in black, red-black circle
Arapaho
blue, feather staff, map emblem, ring of feathers
Blackfeet
blue, saltire of red and white chevrons, tribal seal
Seminole
blue-red, yellow emblem
Comanche
tan, seal on a map, four black-white-blue-yellow mountains, rainbow
Navajo
yellow-purple, feathered staff and
Tohono O’odham
green-white-blue-white-green, snowshoe and antlers
Innu

The Caribbean


green-black triangles, yellow saltire
Jamaica
diagonal green-black-red, yellow outlines, two white stars
Saint Kitts and Nevis
red, diagonal black stripe outlined in white
Trinidad and Tobago
black-blue-white, red triangles, yellow sunrise
Antigua and Barbuda
green, yellow triangle outlined in white, smaller red triangle outlined in black
Guyana
green, yellow-white-black cross, red circle, ring of green stars, purple parrot
Dominica
green-yellow triangles, red border, red disc, yellow star, nutmeg, six yellow stars
Grenada
diagonal yellow-green, red star
Guyane
green-white-red-white-green, yellow star
Suriname
green-red-green, white outlines, yellow star
Guadeloupe 4949 An unofficial flag flown by Guadeloupe nationalists. There is also a rarely used "heraldic banner" based on the coat of arms of Pointe-à-Pitre.
green-black, red triangle
Martinique 5050 An unofficial flag flown by Martinican nationalists and occasionally by local municipalities.
blue-yellow-blue, black triangle
The Bahamas
blue, black triangle outlined in white, shorter yellow triangle
Saint Lucia
blue-yellow-blue, black trident
Barbados
blue-yellow-green, three green diamonds in a V-shape
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
diagonal yellow-white-blue, red 6-pointed star, black compass
Bonaire
blue, two thin yellow stripes, red 4-pointed star outlined in white
Aruba
blue, thin yellow stripe, two white stars
Curaçao
yellow-green, three blue-red-blue stripes, black emblem
Saint Martin
unity flag 5151 A common cultural flag representing both the French and Dutch halves of the island of Saint Martin.
red-blue, white triangle, coat of arms
Saint Martin (Dutch)
white diamond surrounded by red and blue, gold star
Saba
white, thin red stripe, thin blue band, ring of 5 stars
Netherlands Antilles
white, blue stripe, three orange dolphins
Anguilla 5252 The unofficial but popular cultural flag of the island.
white, American eagle flanked on either side by the blue letters
Virgin Islands (U.S.)
red-blue-red, white disc, coat of arms
Belize
black-white-yellow
Garifuna

Latin America


green, yellow diamond, blue and white celestial sphere
Brazil
green-white-red, eagle and snake symbol
Mexico
red-white-red, coat of arms
Peru
national ensign 5353 Flown by the government, the navy, the national police, and national sports teams. Raised at major ceremonies. The army uses a similar flag with a different coat of arms.
red-white-red
Peru
national flag 5454 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
blue-white-blue containing an emblem
Guatemala
blue-white-blue, gold sun
Argentina
blue-white-blue, 5 blue stars
Honduras
blue-white-blue, coat of arms
Nicaragua
blue-white-blue, coat of arms
El Salvador
national flag 5555 The most common flag, flown over most government buildings, at ceremonies, by diplomatic missions and often by public citizens.
blue-white-blue, yellow
El Salvador
inscribed flag 5656 An alternative government flag, most commonly flown by the armed forces but also on some public buildings and offices.
blue-white-blue
El Salvador
plain flag 5757 The simplest version of the national flag, flown by some private citizens.
red-white-blue, star seal
Paraguay
front side
red-white-blue, lion seal
Paraguay
back side
blue-white-red-white-blue,
Costa Rica
national flag 5858 The most common Costa Rican flag. Officially designated for private citizens, but in practice often used on government buildings and schools too.
blue-white-red-white-blue, coat of arms
Costa Rica
national ensign 5959 Flown by the government and by diplomatic missions, although also used sometimes by private citizens.
5 red-white stripes, blue triangle, white star
Puerto Rico
5 blue-white stripes, red triangle, white star
Cuba
9 white-blue stripes, white canton, yellow sun
Uruguay
national flag 6060 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
blue-white-blue, red diagonal stripe
Uruguay
flag of Artigas 6161 A traditional military emblem, ceremonially flown alongside the national flag at government buildings.
red-white-blue, the words
Uruguay
flag of the Treinta y Tres 6262 A historic flag, ceremonially flown alongside the national flag at government buildings.
black-red, white square containing a coat of arms
Haiti
blue-red quarters, white cross, coat of arms
Dominican Republic
white-red, blue canton, white star
Chile
white-red-white-blue quarters, blue star, red star
Panama
yellow-blue-red, arc of 7 white stars, coat of arms
Venezuela
national ensign 6363 Flown by the government and armed forces, and unofficially used by many private citizens.
yellow-blue-red, arc of 7 white stars
Venezuela
national flag 6464 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
yellow-blue-red
Colombia
yellow-blue-red, coat of arms
Ecuador
red-yellow-green, coat of arms
Bolivia
state flag 6565 Flown by the governmnent. The armed forces flew a similar flag with olive and laurel branches around the coat of arms.
red-yellow-green
Bolivia
national flag 6666 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
7-by-7 grid of coloured squares, diagonally arranged white-green-blue-purple-red-orange-yellow
Aymara
red-orange-yellow-green-azure-blue-purple
Quechua
red-blue-white-black
Misak

Other International and Cultural Flags


blue, white map of the world, white wreath
United Nations
blue, circle of 12 yellow stars
Europe
green-white-green, yellow outlines, emblem
Organization of African Unity
blue, yellow globe surrounded by rays in the shape of a C
Commonwealth of Nations
yellow, ring of yellow green purple red and blue segments
La Francophonie
blue-yellow-red-white-orange-multicolour
Buddhist Flag
blue-green, red wheel
Romani
red-black-green
Pan-African Flag
red, yellow sunburst, Mohawk warrior head
Warrior Flag
green, white canton, green star
Esperanto
white, red cross
Red Cross
white, red crescent
Red Crescent
red-orange-yellow-green-blue-purple
Pride Flag
white, olympic rings
Olympic Games

Events of 1991


CHECHNYA • In the midst of the collapse of the Soviet Union, Chechnya attempted to break away from Russia by issuing an unrecognized declaration of independence on November 1. The new separatist flag was much like the previous one with the white and red colours inverted.
1990 flag of Chechnyaright arrow1991 flag of Chechnya
COMANCHE • The Comanche Nation adopted a flag.
Comanche flag
CONGO • The original national flag was readopted on June 10 to mark the establishment of the establishment of a multi-party democracy.
1970 flag of Congoright arrow1959 flag of Congo
CRIMEAN TATAR • The Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People adopted a national flag on June 30.
Crimean Tatar flag
ETHIOPIA • Ethiopia's transitional government removed the seal from the national flag on May 28.
1987 flag of Ethiopiaright arrow1991 flag of Ethiopia
IRAQ • Iraq added an inscription reading "God is great" in Saddam Hussein's handwriting to the national flag on January 13.
1963 flag of Iraqright arrow1991 flag of iraq
SOMALILAND • Somaliland declared independence from Somalia on May 18. The breakaway republic has never attained international recognition but has managed to function as a relatively stable government.
1991 flag of Somaliland
SOVIET UNION • The USSR rapidly disintegrated over the course of 1991 as its constituent republics declared sovereignty or independence. Old national flags were revived across the union, most notably in Russia, where the original tricolour was re-established on August 12.
1991 flag of Russia
Ukraine declared independence from the Soviet Union on August 24, in the aftermath of the failed coup against Gorbachev. The neighbouring states of Byleorussia and Moldova followed suit on August 25 and 27 respectively. Ukraine provisionally readopted its pre-Soviet flag on September 4. Byelorussia renamed itself to Belarus and readopted its white-red-white tricolour on September 19. Molodva had adopted a new Romanian-inspired flag in 1990.
Flag of Soviet Ukraineright arrow1918 flag of Ukraine
Flag of Soviet Byelorussiaright arrow1991 flag of Belarus
1990 flag of Moldova
In the Caucausus, Georgia declared independence on April 9, Azerbaijan on August 30, and Armenia on September 21. All three states had readopted their flags in 1990.
1990 flag of Georgia1990 flag of Azerbaijan1990 flag of Armenia
The Baltic states of Latvia and Lithuania had declared independence in 1990. Estonia followed suit on 20 August. On September 6 the three states were officially granted their independence. All of them had officially readopted their interwar flags between 1988 and 1990.
1918 flag of Latvia1988 flag of Lithuania1918 flag of Estonia
The Central Asian republics had no pre-existing flag traditions to fall back on, and declared independence under their Soviet flags: Kyrgyzstan on August 31, Tajikistan on September 9, Turkmenistan on October 27, and Kazakhstan on December 16. Only Uzbekistan, which declared independence on August 31, managed to create a national flag before the end of 1991.
Flag of Soviet KyrgyzstanFlag of Soviet TajikistanFlag of Soviet TurkmenistanFlag of Soviet Kazakhstan
Flag of Soviet Uzbekistanright arrow1991 flag of Uzbekistan
By December 25, when the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time, the Union had effectively ceased to exist. The twelve remaining member republics officially became fully independent states the following day.
1955 flag of the Soviet Unionright arrowX
YUGOSLAVIA • The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia also began to collapse in 1991. Croatia and Slovenia declared independence on June 25, with the latter state adopting a new flag two days later. Macedonia declared independence on September 8. Bosnia would declare independence the following spring, leaving only Serbia and Montenegro in the union.
1990 flag of Croatia
Flag of Socialist Sloveniaright arrow1991 Flag of Slovenia
Flag of Socialist Macedonia

Notes


1 The plain tricolour has no legal status but is still flown unofficially.
2 Flag of the Eritrean Liberation Front, which sought independence from Ethiopia. Direct predecessor of the modern flag. The provincial government did not have an official flag.
3 Flag of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement, which sought independence for the southern part of Sudan. Direct predecessor of the modern flag. The region did not have an official flag within Sudan.
4 Flag of the Oromo Liberation Front, a nationalist liberation movement within Ethiopia. Oromia did not have an official flag within Ethiopia at this time.
5 Flag of the Tigray People's Liberation Front, a nationalist liberation movement within Ethiopia. Direct predecessor of the modern regional flag. Tigray did not have an official flag within Ethiopia at this time.
6 Flown by the Polisario Front and the unrecognized Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, which claims to be the rightful government of the disputed Western Sahara. Most of the territory is occupied by Morocco.
7 Flown by private citizens and municipalities.
8 Flown by the federal government and the armed forces.
9 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
10 Flown by the royal house, the government, and the armed forces. Also granted to a select list of private institutions and companies.
11 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
12 Flown only on state-owned buildings and naval ships.
13 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
14 Flown on government buildings and coast guard ships.
15 Flown for all purposes. A three-tailed version of the national flag is flown by the military.
16 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
17 Flown by the government, border guard, and public universities. The armed forces fly a version with a swallowtail cut.
18 Northen Ireland has not had an official flag since 1973, but the Ulster Banner is still flown by some sporting teams and private citizens. More or less exclusively a unionist symbol. Nationalists tend to fly the Irish tricolour instead.
19 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
20 Flown over the Prince's Palace and government buildings.
21 The traditional Catalan flag, and the official flag of the Autonomous Community of Catalonia.
22 The flag preferred by supporters of Catalan independence.
23 Flown by the prince and the military.
24 Flown over the Presidential Palace, parliament, provincial legislatures, and other government buildings. Technically only allowed for private use on national holidays, but in practice flown throughout the year by anyone.
25 Only supposed to be flown by embassies, airports, and merchant ships. In practice, flown by private citizens as well.
26 The back side of the flag was just a plain tricolour.
27 Flown by the breakaway Georgian region of South Ossetia and the Russian republic of North Ossetia.
28 Flag of the Afghan Interim Government in Pakistan, flown by mujahideen fighters within the country.
29 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
30 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
31 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
32 The hammer and sickle was only on the front side of the flag.
33 The national flag of the Uyghur people, banned within the People's Republic of China. Xinjiang Province does not have an official flag.
34 Banned within the People's Republic of China. The Tibet Autonomous Region does not have a flag.
35 Flown by the departmental council and used as a local flag.
36 Flown by the Chagossians, who were forcibly removed from the islands by the British to make way for a military base. The islands are officially administered as the British Indian Ocean Territory, which has a colonial ensign with a wavy white and blue stripes and a palm tree badge.
37 Flown in the Indian-controlled parts of the disputed region of Kashmir.
38 Flown in the Pakistan-controlled parts of the disputed region of Kashmir.
39 Flown by Baloch nationalists seeking independence from Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. The star is sometimes flipped upside down or replaced by a white sun. The provincial government of Balochistan in Pakistan flies a green flag with a white camel emblem.
40 Flown by nationalists and separatists. The Indian state of Nagaland does not have an official flag.
41 The popular but unofficial flag of the Kannada people. The Indian state of Karnataka does not have an official flag.
42 The flag of the Republic of China, which is the government of Taiwan. Banned on the mainland, as the People's Republic of China claims sovereignty over the island. At major international sporting events like the Olympics, Taiwan competes under the name "Chinese Taipei" and flies a neutral flag.
43 Flown by the State of Cambodia, the partially-recognized state in control of Phnom Penh.
44 Flown by the National Government of Cambodia, the government-in-exile which retained control of Cambodia's UN seat.
45 Flown by nationalists seeking the indpenedence of Timor-Leste. Under Indonesian occupation, flying the flag was illegal. The rarely-used official flag of "Timor Timur" was orange with the provincial seal in the middle.
46 Flown by Karen nationalists seeking independence and separation from Myanmar. Kayin State has its own flag, a blue-white-red tricolour with a white star in the top left.
47 Flag of the Kanak and Socialist National Liberation Front, which sought the independence from France.
48 A popular but unofficial local flag.
49 An unofficial flag flown by Guadeloupe nationalists. There is also a rarely used "heraldic banner" based on the coat of arms of Pointe-à-Pitre.
50 An unofficial flag flown by Martinican nationalists and occasionally by local municipalities.
51 A common cultural flag representing both the French and Dutch halves of the island of Saint Martin.
52 The unofficial but popular cultural flag of the island.
53 Flown by the government, the navy, the national police, and national sports teams. Raised at major ceremonies. The army uses a similar flag with a different coat of arms.
54 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
55 The most common flag, flown over most government buildings, at ceremonies, by diplomatic missions and often by public citizens.
56 An alternative government flag, most commonly flown by the armed forces but also on some public buildings and offices.
57 The simplest version of the national flag, flown by some private citizens.
58 The most common Costa Rican flag. Officially designated for private citizens, but in practice often used on government buildings and schools too.
59 Flown by the government and by diplomatic missions, although also used sometimes by private citizens.
60 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
61 A traditional military emblem, ceremonially flown alongside the national flag at government buildings.
62 A historic flag, ceremonially flown alongside the national flag at government buildings.
63 Flown by the government and armed forces, and unofficially used by many private citizens.
64 Allowed to be flown by anyone.
65 Flown by the governmnent. The armed forces flew a similar flag with olive and laurel branches around the coat of arms.
66 Allowed to be flown by anyone.